Carbonizing furnace



July 31, 1923- N. OLSEN CARBONI Z ING FURNACE Filed March 1, 1920 INVENTOR. Nels Owen BY )W A TTORNEYS.

v Patented July 31, 1923.

'ing the fuel into the furnace.

UNITED STATES 1,463,438 PATENT OFFICE.

HELS OLSEN, OF SAN LEANDRO, CALIFORNIA. I

caimomzmo FURNACE.

Application filed March 1, 1920. Serial in. 362,872.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Nuns OLSEN, a citizen of the'United States, and resident of San Leandro, in the county of Alameda and the State of California, have invented a ne and useful Im rovement in Carbonizing Furnaces, of WlllCl'l the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved furnace for carbonizing and hardening steel or iron. The object of my invention is to provide a furnace for the purpose indicated in which the heat is uniformly applied to all sides of the retort containing the metal to be carbonized while said retort is stationary. I accomplish this and other objects hereinafter referred to by means of the device hereinafter described and illustrated on the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a. cross-sectional view of the furnace showingthe arrangement of the pipes for feed- Figure 2 is a lengthwise sectional view along the line H in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a sectional view of the top showing suspended rods.

In said drawing the outside will of the furnace is constructed with a cylindrical shell C which is lined on the inside with fire brick B. D is the retort for holding the metal to be hardened. This retort is cylindrical, and concentric with the outside wall of the furnace, and of such size that there is an annular chamber E between the outside wall of the retort and the inside wall of the furnace. D is the cylindrical wall of the retort, D is the bottom. G are a plurality of fire bricks on noncombustible blocks placed on the top of base B It will be noted that the false bottom or deflecting plate D has slightly smaller diameter than the inside of the retortso that illuminating gas or other carbon containing element introduced through the bottom of the retort can be deflected by the bricks G and spread through the retort. The metal blocks or forms to be hardened should be arranged inthe retort with passages between them. H is a lead for carbon containing elements through the bottom of the retort, and H is a shut-ofl' cock for inlet H. H is a nut for holding inlet pipe H in position. M is the top of retort and consists of a top plate M a lower plate M and an intermediate late M'-. The space between plates J. 2 and a is filled with fire bricks M. M is an air space between plates M and M. K is an outlet pipe of retort D and extends through the top M. K and K are nuts to hold pipe K in place. The object of the construction of top M as described is to retain the heat in the retort.

The heating portion of the furnace consists of a main pipe N which has a plurality of fuel nozzles O and P. In the drawing I have shown eight fuel nozzles. but in con structing the furnace a smaller or larger number may be desirable under circumstances which may develop, and I do not want my invention limited to the number of fuelnozzles shown. Each of these nozzles pass through the outer wall of the furnace at uniform angles from the radius so that the flames from the nozzles blow in the same direction in the annular chamber E. I have shown the fire nozzles placed in two paths around the furnace, and have staggered the arrangement of the nozzles in the rows. This arrangement can be varied as the object sought to be accomplished is to throw a plurality of flames into the furnace from a plurality of points which will most evenly distribute the heat in the furnace. rial covering the bottom of the furnace, and C is the top of the furnace, which is lined with brick B. B are vents through the top C and the brick lining B from the com- B is a base of noncombustible mate bustion chamber to permit the products of combustion to escape. R are vent holes through the outside wall of the furnace for admitting air to the flames. There should be a plurality of them.

In operating my carbonizing furnace the blocks or form of metal desired to be carbonized are placed in the retort D with spaces between them, the top M is placed into position on the top of the retort, and the cock H is closed. The fuel is then turned through pipe N and emerges from the nozzles within the chamber E where it is consumed, heating the retort D and its contents. Inasmuch as the arrangement of the nozzles gives an approximately equal flame on all outside portions of the cylindrical wall of the retort, the contents of the retort are uniformly heated without. the usual method of revolving the drum. When the heat in the retort has attained a degree determined 11 on as the best for carbonizing, the carbonizing agent is admitted through intake pipe H. In my experiments I have used ordinary illuminating gas for this purpose, and have found that it carbonizes iron or steel perfectly, altho other rarbonizing agents may be used with my furnace. When the carbonizing is finished the top M can be removed so that the o0n tents of the retort are a\'ailable.-

In Figure it I have shown a sectional view of the top and outside sections of the retort. The plate M hasva plurality of eyes or hooks dependLngtherefrom b means of which iron forms can be suspen. ed in the retort without touchin each other. in said drawing 7 are a plurality of shafts so suspended. is an eye or ring attached to the to of the lid M forthe purpose of attaching power to lift the it will be noted that by suspending these rods in this manner. there is no liability of their being bent or distorted by the weight of other rmls. lying thereon as is common in the art as now practiced.

I also desire to call attention to the fact that my furnace can be used for annealing and heat treating iron and steel in the various forms of such treatment.

I claim as new and ask for Letters Patent:

1. In a device of the character described the combination of a closed non-rotatable cylindrical inner chamber. an enclosed outer chamber surrounding the inner chamber, a plurality of fuel nozzles extending into the annular chamber a spaced distance apart means for feeding fuel into the fuel nozzles, and means for placing pieces of metal therein for heat treating so that they will not touch each other.

2. In a furnace of the character described lid on and 03..

the combination of a retort having means whereby a plurality of objects can be suspended from the upper part of said retort so that said objects will "not touch each other. and means for heating said retort.

3. In a furnace of the character described, the combination of a cylindrical retort hav ing the lower end closed, and a lid adapted to cover the upper end, means on the under side of the lid to suspend a plurality of articles so they are within the retort when the lid is closed, and ban independently of each other. an outer wal surrounding and spaced from said retort, air holes through said outer wall, and a plurality of nozzles extending through the wall at uniform angles and uniformly spaced apart, said nozzles being adapted to throw a flame 0 fire on a tangent line toward said retort, substantially as described.

4. A furnace for carbonizing steel and like metals. including an outer casing, a base member and a top member for said casing, a heat-resisting wall within said outer casing, an inner work-holding retort wall spaced from said heat-resisting wall, said last named walls forming between them a continuous combustion space, means for supporting combustion in said combustion space; whereby said work-holding retort wall is heated; and means for supplying a hydrocarbon fluid to the space confine by said work-holding retort wall.

NELS OLSEN.

Witnesses:

(11.20 K. CURTIS, H. A. Hmnnm. 

